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Our Authors

What’s In It For Me?

CISOs and security practitioners need to care deeply about how AI adoption is happening in their organization, because it fundamentally reshapes the enterprise threat landscape. Unlike traditional software, AI systems introduce autonomous behaviors, opaque decision-making, and a surge in Non-Human Identities (NHIs) that can operate with escalated privileges unless safeguards are implemented. From Copilots accessing sensitive SaaS data to agentic AI executing tasks across systems, the security perimeter is no longer defined by human users and known endpoints. Without proactive governance, NHI management in AI enabled systems can become a blind spot where data leaks, shadow integrations multiply, and model misuse happens unnoticed. For CISOs, this isn’t just a technical concern. It’s a business-critical risk demanding immediate attention, proactive strategy, and cross-functional controls.



AI is here whether we like it or not and security teams must act now to safely enable adoption and support the velocity of the business. This guide provides a practical maturity model for addressing security through every phase of an enterprise Agentic AI rollout.

Managing Non-Human Identities (NHI) is becoming a critical challenge as automation, cloud infrastructure, and AI-driven processes scale.
With a growing number of vendors and evolving security needs, choosing the right solution can be overwhelming.


This guide simplifies the process. You'll gain insights into key use cases, essential solution features, and evaluation criteria to help you compare vendors effectively. This guide was made by security practitioners for the security community to guide CISOs and their teams when navigating the purchase of a NHI solution.

Managing Non-Human Identities (NHI) is becoming a critical challenge as automation, cloud infrastructure, and AI-driven processes scale.
With a growing number of vendors and evolving security needs, choosing the right solution can be overwhelming.


This guide simplifies the process. You'll gain insights into key use cases, essential solution features, and evaluation criteria to help you compare vendors effectively. This guide was made by security practitioners for the security community to guide CISOs and their teams when navigating the purchase of a NHI solution.

AI Maturity Model Phases

Introduction: Navigating the Maturity of Secure Agentic AI Adoption

As enterprises race to harness the power of generative and autonomous AI, security and governance must evolve in parallel.
Agentic AI, which are AI systems capable of making decisions, taking actions, and operating independently across environments, offers unprecedented opportunities for innovation, efficiency, and scale. However, without a structured approach, these capabilities can introduce significant risks, including data exposure, identity sprawl, compliance violations, and untraceable decision-making.

Research from ISACA found that 81% of employees are using AI in the workplace without formal policies in place, and only 28% of organizations have formal AI governance frameworks, highlighting how identity‑ and access‑centric oversight is critical before scaling agentic systems securely.

This maturity model provides a phased framework to help organizations adopt Agentic AI securely and responsibly. It outlines the progression from ad-hoc experimentation to fully governed, autonomous AI operations while highlighting key challenges, risks, identity and access management (IAM) gaps, and recommended controls at each stage.

By aligning security with each phase of AI evolution, enterprises can foster innovation while maintaining visibility, trust, and control. The model empowers IT, security, and business leaders to build scalable AI infrastructure, operationalize AI safely, and unlock transformative outcomes to stay ahead of emerging threats and compliance demands.

Cross-Functional Security Best Practices for Agentic AI

Unified Oversight – Cross-Phase Domains


As organizations advance through the stages of Agentic AI adoption from informal experimentation to full-scale autonomous operations, security must remain a constant, evolving discipline. While each phase of the maturity model introduces unique risks and controls, there are cross-functional domains that must be addressed continuously and comprehensively. These foundational practices ensure Agentic AI systems remain secure, auditable, and aligned with business intent across all maturity levels.

Below are the four key security domains that require persistent oversight:

Unified Oversight – Cross-Phase Domains


As organizations advance through the stages of Agentic AI adoption from informal experimentation to full-scale autonomous operations, security must remain a constant, evolving discipline. While each phase of the maturity model introduces unique risks and controls, there are cross-functional domains that must be addressed continuously and comprehensively. These foundational practices ensure Agentic AI systems remain secure, auditable, and aligned with business intent across all maturity levels.

Below are the four key security domains that require persistent oversight:

Identity and Access Management (IAM): Treat NHIs as First-Class Citizens

Non-Human Identities (NHIs)—including agents, copilots, and AI-driven scripts—must be governed with the same rigor as human users.

Best Practices:

Track NHIs centrally: Assign unique, managed identities to every AI entity interacting with enterprise systems

Enable impersonation transparency: Ensure all AI actions can be attributed to an initiating human or authorized system, with clear delegation chains

Implement dynamic, scoped access: Use just-in-time provisioning, time-bound tokens, and conditional access rules to reduce persistent privilege exposure

Data Privacy and Governance: Protect the Flow of Sensitive Information

Lifecycle and Model Governance: Control the Model Supply Chain

Third-Party AI Integration: Extend Security to External Models

Strategic Outcome: Secure by Design, Scalable by Default

Identity and Access Management (IAM): Treat NHIs as First-Class Citizens

Non-Human Identities (NHIs)—including agents, copilots, and AI-driven scripts—must be governed with the same rigor as human users.

Best Practices:

Track NHIs centrally: Assign unique, managed identities to every AI entity interacting with enterprise systems

Enable impersonation transparency: Ensure all AI actions can be attributed to an initiating human or authorized system, with clear delegation chains

Implement dynamic, scoped access: Use just-in-time provisioning, time-bound tokens, and conditional access rules to reduce persistent privilege exposure

Data Privacy and Governance: Protect the Flow of Sensitive Information

Lifecycle and Model Governance: Control the Model Supply Chain

Third-Party AI Integration: Extend Security to External Models

Strategic Outcome: Secure by Design, Scalable by Default

Identity and Access Management (IAM): Treat NHIs as First-Class Citizens

Non-Human Identities (NHIs)—including agents, copilots, and AI-driven scripts—must be governed with the same rigor as human users.

Best Practices:

Track NHIs centrally: Assign unique, managed identities to every AI entity interacting with enterprise systems

Enable impersonation transparency: Ensure all AI actions can be attributed to an initiating human or authorized system, with clear delegation chains

Implement dynamic, scoped access: Use just-in-time provisioning, time-bound tokens, and conditional access rules to reduce persistent privilege exposure

Data Privacy and Governance: Protect the Flow of Sensitive Information

Lifecycle and Model Governance: Control the Model Supply Chain

Third-Party AI Integration: Extend Security to External Models

Strategic Outcome: Secure by Design, Scalable by Default

Cross-Functional Security

Best Practices for Agentic AI

Conclusion: Building Secure and Scalable Agentic AI

Conclusion: Building Secure and Scalable Agentic AI

Conclusion: Building Secure and Scalable Agentic AI

Successfully adopting Agentic AI requires more than deploying advanced tools. It demands a deliberate, phased approach rooted in security, identity, and governance. This maturity model provides a strategic roadmap, guiding enterprises from the early days of shadow AI experimentation to the sophisticated deployment of autonomous AI agents.

Successfully adopting Agentic AI requires more than deploying advanced tools. It demands a deliberate, phased approach rooted in security, identity, and governance. This maturity model provides a strategic roadmap, guiding enterprises from the early days of shadow AI experimentation to the sophisticated deployment of autonomous AI agents.

Successfully adopting Agentic AI requires more than deploying advanced tools. It demands a deliberate, phased approach rooted in security, identity, and governance. This maturity model provides a strategic roadmap, guiding enterprises from the early days of shadow AI experimentation to the sophisticated deployment of autonomous AI agents.

Phase 01

Organizations begin by uncovering hidden AI use and establishing foundational controls to reduce risk without stifling innovation.

Phase 02

Brings structure and control, enabling AI Copilots and assistants to safely integrate into business workflows with proper identity governance and scoped permissions.

Phase 03

Enterprises build internal AI capabilities through proprietary models and expose their APIs to agents via the Model Context Protocol (MCP), enabling trust, scalability, and lifecycle control.

Phase 04

Unlocks the power of Agentic AI, where autonomous systems act across infrastructure and operations with guardrails to ensure security, auditability, control, and accountability.

Phase 01

Organizations begin by uncovering hidden AI use and establishing foundational controls to reduce risk without stifling innovation.

Phase 02

Brings structure and control, enabling AI Copilots and assistants to safely integrate into business workflows with proper identity governance and scoped permissions.

Phase 03

Enterprises build internal AI capabilities through proprietary models and expose their APIs to agents via the Model Context Protocol (MCP), enabling trust, scalability, and lifecycle control.

Phase 04

Unlocks the power of Agentic AI, where autonomous systems act across infrastructure and operations with guardrails to ensure security, auditability, control, and accountability.

Phase 01

Organizations begin by uncovering hidden AI use and establishing foundational controls to reduce risk without stifling innovation.

Phase 02

Brings structure and control, enabling AI Copilots and assistants to safely integrate into business workflows with proper identity governance and scoped permissions.

Phase 03

Enterprises build internal AI capabilities through proprietary models and expose their APIs to agents via the Model Context Protocol (MCP), enabling trust, scalability, and lifecycle control.

Phase 04

Unlocks the power of Agentic AI, where autonomous systems act across infrastructure and operations with guardrails to ensure security, auditability, control, and accountability.

Throughout each stage, the emphasis on non-human identity (NHI) security, data governance, model integrity, and third-party risk management creates a foundation for responsible AI adoption.

The positive business outcomes are significant:

  • Accelerated innovation and productivity

  • Reduced operational latency through automation

  • Increased trust in AI-driven decisions

  • Stronger compliance and audit readiness

  • Competitive differentiation through proprietary AI systems

By following this maturity model, enterprises can confidently scale Agentic AI initiatives and transform how work gets done while keeping security and governance at the core.

About Token Security 

About Token Security 


Token Security secures Non-Human Identities across cloud services, CI/CD pipelines, and Agentic AI. Its agentless, AI-native platform provides complete visibility, lifecycle and security posture management, and real-time threat detection. Token Security enables security teams to reduce risk, automate remediation, and accelerate innovation

About Descope

About Descope


Descope is a no / low code platform that helps hundreds of organizations manage identity journeys for their customers, partners, and AI agents. AI developers use Descope to secure their APIs, remote MCP servers, and AI agents with authentication, granular authorization, user consent, and token management.